查看hbase表结构的命令 hbase常用命令及使用方法

首先通过docker安装Hbase

docker search hbase docker pull harisekhon/hbase

启动hbase镜像

docker run -d -p 2181:2181 -p 8080:8080 -p 8085:8085 -p 9090:9090 -p 9095:9095 -p 16000:16000 -p 16010:16010 -p 16201:16201 -p 16301:16301 -p 16030:16030 -p 16020:16020 --name hbase001 harisekhon/hbase

访问hbase

访问localhost:16010

hbase命令行操作

docker exec -it hbase001 bash hbase shell

如上命令操作之后我们就进入了hbase的命令行操作模式：

下面，我们创建一个namespace为default，表名为test，列族column family为cf的表： create ‘test’,’cf’ 通过list命令可以查看所有的表：list

• 删除表：先disable,再drop

disable 'test' 
drop 'test'

• 新增数据操作

put 'test','1','cf:name','flume'
put 'test','1','cf:age','18'
put 'test','2','cf:name','hbase'
put 'test','2','cf:age','20'
put 'test','3','cf:name','hadoop'
put 'test','3','cf:age','22'
put 'test','11','cf:name','spark'
put 'test','11','cf:age','24'
put 'test','21','cf:name','hive'
put 'test','21','cf:age','30'

• 删除数据操作

deleteall 'test','3';   -- 删除该rowkey下的所有数据
delete 'test','3','cf:name' -- 删除某一cell的数据

• 查看数据

HBase中有两个用于查看数据的命令：
1. scan 命令，用于查看某个表的全部数据；
2. get 命令，用于查看表的某一行数据

• 修改数据同样也是put操作

比如将行键为 2015003 的学生 age 改为 25：put 'student','2015003','age','25'

如上是命令行的一些基本操作，详细操作可以查看官网：

http://abloz.com/hbase/book.html

下面是通过java api的方式操作hbase

• 添加maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
    <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.3</version>
</dependency>

测试工具栏如下：

package com.example.redisiondemo.utils;


import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class HbaseTest {
    private static Admin admin;

    private static final String COLUMNS_FAMILY_1 = "cf1";
    private static final String COLUMNS_FAMILY_2 = "cf2";

    public static Connection initHbase() throws IOException {
        Configuration configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "127.0.0.1");
        configuration.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
        configuration.set("hbase.master", "127.0.0.1:16010");
        Connection connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
        return connection;
    }
//创建表 create
    public static void createTable(TableName tableName, String[] cols) throws IOException {
        admin = initHbase().getAdmin();
        if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
            System.out.println("Table Already Exists！");
        } else {
            HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
            for (String col : cols) {
                HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(col);
                hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
            }
            admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
            System.out.println("Table Create Successful");
        }
    }

    public static TableName getTbName(String tableName) {
        return TableName.valueOf(tableName);
    }
    // 删除表 drop
    public static void deleteTable(TableName tableName) throws IOException {
        admin = initHbase().getAdmin();
        if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
            admin.disableTable(tableName);
            admin.deleteTable(tableName);
            System.out.println("Table Delete Successful");
        } else {
            System.out.println("Table does not exist!");
        }

    }
 //put 插入数据
    public static void insertData(TableName tableName, Student student) throws IOException {
        Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(student.getId()));
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMNS_FAMILY_1), Bytes.toBytes("name"), Bytes.toBytes(student.getName()));
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMNS_FAMILY_1), Bytes.toBytes("age"), Bytes.toBytes(student.getAge()));
        initHbase().getTable(tableName).put(put);
        System.out.println("Data insert success:" + student.toString());
    }

    // delete 删除数据
    public static void deleteData(TableName tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
        Delete delete = new Delete(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));      // 指定rowKey
//        delete = delete.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(COLUMNS_FAMILY_1), Bytes.toBytes("name"));  // 指定column，也可以不指定，删除该rowKey的所有column
        initHbase().getTable(tableName).delete(delete);
        System.out.println("Delete Success");
    }

    // scan数据
    public static List<Student> allScan(TableName tableName) throws IOException {
        ResultScanner results = initHbase().getTable(tableName).getScanner(new Scan().addFamily(Bytes.toBytes("cf1")));
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Result result : results) {
            Student student = new Student();
            for (Cell cell : result.rawCells()) {
                String colName = Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(), cell.getQualifierOffset(), cell.getQualifierLength());
                String value = Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength());
            }

        }
        return null;
    }
    // 根据rowkey get数据
    public static Student singleGet(TableName tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(rowKey);
        Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
        if (!get.isCheckExistenceOnly()) {
            Result result = initHbase().getTable(tableName).get(get);
            for (Cell cell : result.rawCells()) {
                String colName = Bytes.toString(cell.getQualifierArray(), cell.getQualifierOffset(), cell.getQualifierLength());
                String value = Bytes.toString(cell.getValueArray(), cell.getValueOffset(), cell.getValueLength());
                switch (colName) {
                    case "name":
                        student.setName(value);
                        break;
                    case "age":
                        student.setAge(value);
                        break;
                    default:
                        System.out.println("unknown columns");
                }

            }

        }
        System.out.println(student.toString());
        return student;
    }
    // 查询指定Cell数据
    public static String getCell(TableName tableName, String rowKey, String cf, String column) throws IOException {
        Get get = new Get(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
        String rst = null;
        if (!get.isCheckExistenceOnly()) {
            get = get.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(cf), Bytes.toBytes(column));
            try {

                Result result = initHbase().getTable(tableName).get(get);
                byte[] resByte = result.getValue(Bytes.toBytes(cf), Bytes.toBytes(column));
                rst = Bytes.toString(resByte);
            } catch (Exception exception) {
                System.out.printf("columnFamily or column does not exists");
            }

        }
        System.out.println("Value is: " + rst);
        return rst;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId("1");
        student.setName("hzp");
        student.setAge("18");
        String table = "student";

      //  createTable(getTbName(table), new String[]{COLUMNS_FAMILY_1, COLUMNS_FAMILY_2});
    //   deleteTable(getTbName(table));
          insertData(getTbName(table), student);
//       deleteData(getTbName(table), "1");
      //  singleGet(getTbName(table), "2");
    //    getCell(getTbName(table), "1", "cf1", "name");
    }
}

student实体
package com.example.redisiondemo.utils;

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String age;

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "id='" + id + ''' +
                ", name='" + name + ''' +
                ", age='" + age + ''' +
                '}';
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}